Resolution 687 Country Agains Resolution 687 Country Voted Against
United Nations Security Council Resolution 687 (Apropos the Restoration of Peace and Security in Iraq and Kuwait), S.C. res. 687, 46 U.Northward. SCOR at _, U.N. Doc. S/RES/687 (1991).
Adopted past the Security Council at its 2981st meeting, on three April 1991
The Security Council,
Recalling its resolutions 660 (1990) of 2 Baronial 1990, 661 (1990) of 6 August 1990, 662 (1990) of 9 August 1990, 664 (1990) of 18 August 1990, 665 (1990) of 25 Baronial 1990, 666 (1990) of 13 September 1990, 667 (1990) of xvi September 1990, 669 (1990) of 24 September 1990, 670 (1990) of 25 September 1990, 674 (1990) of 29 Oct 1990, 677 (1990) of 28 November 1990, 678 (1990) of 29 November 1990 and 686 (1991) of 2 March 1991,
Welcoming the restoration to Kuwait of its sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity and the return of its legitimate Government,
Affirming the commitment of all Member States to the sovereignty, territorial integrity and political independence of Kuwait and Iraq, and noting the intention expressed by the Fellow member States cooperating with Kuwait nether paragraph ii of resolution 678 (1990) to bring their military presence in Iraq to an end as presently as possible consistent with paragraph 8 of resolution 686 (1991),
Reaffirming the need to be assured of Republic of iraq'due south peaceful intentions in the lite of its unlawful invasion and occupation of Kuwait,
Taking notation of the letter sent past the Minister for Foreign Affairs of Republic of iraq on 27 February 1991 and those sent pursuant to resolution 686 (1991),
Noting that Iraq and Kuwait, as independent sovereign States, signed at Baghdad on 4 October 1963 "Agreed Minutes Betwixt the State of Kuwait and the Republic of Iraq Regarding the Restoration of Friendly Relations, Recognition and Related Matters", thereby recognizing formally the boundary between Iraq and Kuwait and the allocation of islands, which were registered with the Un in accordance with Article 102 of the Lease of the United Nations and in which Iraq recognized the independence and complete sovereignty of the Land of Kuwait within its borders as specified and accepted in the letter of the Prime Minister of Republic of iraq dated 21 July 1932, and as accepted by the Ruler of Kuwait in his letter dated 10 August 1932,
Conscious of the need for demarcation of the said purlieus,
Conscious also of the statements past Iraq threatening to use weapons in violation of its obligations nether the Geneva Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare, signed at Geneva on 17 June 1925, and of its prior use of chemical weapons and affirming that grave consequences would follow any further use past Iraq of such weapons,
Recalling that Iraq has subscribed to the Announcement adopted past all States participating in the Conference of States Parties to the 1925 Geneva Protocol and Other Interested States, held in Paris from 7 to xi Jan 1989, establishing the objective of universal elimination of chemical and biological weapons,
Recalling also that Iraq has signed the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction, of ten April 1972,
Noting the importance of Iraq ratifying this Convention,
Noting moreover the importance of all States adhering to this Convention and encouraging its forthcoming Review Conference to reinforce the authorization, efficiency and universal telescopic of the convention,
Stressing the importance of an early conclusion by the Conference on Disarmament of its work on a Convention on the Universal Prohibition of Chemical Weapons and of universal adherence thereto,
Aware of the utilise by Republic of iraq of ballistic missiles in unprovoked attacks and therefore of the demand to accept specific measures in regard to such missiles located in Iraq,
Concerned by the reports in the hands of Fellow member States that Iraq has attempted to acquire materials for a nuclear-weapons program contrary to its obligations nether the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons of 1 July 1968,
Recalling the objective of the establishment of a nuclear-weapons-gratuitous zone in the region of the Heart Due east,
Conscious of the threat that all weapons of mass devastation pose to peace and security in the expanse and of the demand to work towards the establishment in the Middle E of a zone free of such weapons,
Witting as well of the objective of achieving balanced and comprehensive control of armaments in the region,
Witting further of the importance of achieving the objectives noted in a higher place using all available means, including a dialogue amidst the States of the region,
Noting that resolution 686 (1991) marked the lifting of the measures imposed past resolution 661 (1990) in so far every bit they applied to Kuwait,
Noting that despite the progress being made in fulfilling the obligations of resolution 686 (1991), many Kuwaiti and third country nationals are still non deemed for and property remains unreturned,
Recalling the International Convention confronting the Taking of Hostages, opened for signature at New York on xviii Dec 1979, which categorizes all acts of taking hostages as manifestations of international terrorism,
Deploring threats fabricated by Iraq during the recent conflict to make employ of terrorism against targets exterior Iraq and the taking of hostages by Iraq,
Taking annotation with grave concern of the reports of the Secretary-General of twenty March 1991 and 28 March 1991, and witting of the necessity to run across urgently the humanitarian needs in Kuwait and Iraq,
Bearing in heed its objective of restoring international peace and security in the area as set out in recent resolutions of the Security Quango,
Conscious of the demand to accept the following measures interim under Chapter VII of the Charter,
1. Affirms all 13 resolutions noted to a higher place, except as expressly inverse beneath to achieve the goals of this resolution, including a formal terminate-burn;
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two. Demands that Iraq and Kuwait respect the inviolability of the international boundary and the allocation of islands set out in the "Agreed Minutes Between the State of Kuwait and the Republic of Republic of iraq Regarding the Restoration of Friendly Relations, Recognition and Related Matters", signed past them in the practice of their sovereignty at Baghdad on 4 October 1963 and registered with the United Nations and published by the United Nations in document 7063, United Nations, Treaty Series, 1964;
three. Calls upon the Secretary-General to lend his assistance to make arrangements with Iraq and Kuwait to demarcate the boundary between Iraq and Kuwait, drawing on advisable textile, including the map transmitted by Security Quango document S/22412 and to study back to the Security Council inside one month;
iv. Decides to guarantee the inviolability of the higher up-mentioned international boundary and to take as appropriate all necessary measures to that cease in accordance with the Lease of the United Nations;
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5. Requests the Secretarial assistant-General, later consulting with Iraq and Kuwait, to submit within three days to the Security Council for its approving a plan for the firsthand deployment of a United Nations observer unit to monitor the Khor Abdullah and a demilitarized zone, which is hereby established, extending ten kilometres into Republic of iraq and five kilometres into Kuwait from the boundary referred to in the "Agreed Minutes Betwixt the State of State of kuwait and the Republic of Iraq Regarding the Restoration of Friendly Relations, Recognition and Related Matters" of 4 October 1963; to deter violations of the boundary through its presence in and surveillance of the demilitarized zone; to observe any hostile or potentially hostile action mounted from the territory of one State to the other; and for the Secretary-General to report regularly to the Security Council on the operations of the unit, and immediately if there are serious violations of the zone or potential threats to peace;
6. Notes that as shortly as the Secretarial assistant-General notifies the Security Council of the completion of the deployment of the Un observer unit, the conditions will exist established for the Member States cooperating with Kuwait in accord with resolution 678 (1990) to bring their war machine presence in Iraq to an end consistent with resolution 686 (1991);
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7. Invites Iraq to reaffirm unconditionally its obligations nether the Geneva Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in State of war of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare, signed at Geneva on 17 June 1925, and to ratify the Convention on the Prohibition of the Evolution, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction, of ten April 1972;
eight. Decides that Iraq shall unconditionally accept the devastation, removal, or rendering harmless, under international supervision, of:
(a) All chemical and biological weapons and all stocks of agents and all related subsystems and components and all research, evolution, support and manufacturing facilities;
(b) All ballistic missiles with a range greater than 150 kilometres and related major parts, and repair and production facilities;
ix. Decides, for the implementation of paragraph 8 above, the following:
(a) Republic of iraq shall submit to the Secretary-General, within fifteen days of the adoption of the present resolution, a declaration of the locations, amounts and types of all items specified in paragraph 8 and agree to urgent, on-site inspection as specified below;
(b) The Secretary-Full general, in consultation with the appropriate Governments and, where appropriate, with the Manager-General of the World Wellness Organization, within 40-five days of the passage of the nowadays resolution, shall develop, and submit to the Council for approval, a program calling for the completion of the following acts within forty-5 days of such approval:
(i) The forming of a Special Commission, which shall carry out firsthand on-site inspection of Iraq's biological, chemical and missile capabilities, based on Iraq'due south declarations and the designation of any boosted locations past the Special Committee itself;
(ii) The yielding by Iraq of possession to the Special Commission for destruction, removal or rendering harmless, taking into business relationship the requirements of public safety, of all items specified nether paragraph 8 (a) in a higher place, including items at the additional locations designated by the Special Commission under paragraph ix (b) (i) above and the devastation past Iraq, nether the supervision of the Special Commission, of all its missile capabilities, including launchers, every bit specified under paragraph 8 (b) above;
(iii) The provision by the Special Commission of the assist and cooperation to the Director-Full general of the International Diminutive Energy Bureau required in paragraphs 12 and 13 below;
10. Decides that Iraq shall unconditionally undertake not to use, develop, construct or acquire any of the items specified in paragraphs 8 and 9 above and requests the Secretary-General, in consultation with the Special Commission, to develop a plan for the futurity ongoing monitoring and verification of Iraq'due south compliance with this paragraph, to be submitted to the Security Quango for approval inside 1 hundred and xx days of the passage of this resolution;
11. Invites Iraq to reaffirm unconditionally its obligations under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons of ane July 1968;
12. Decides that Republic of iraq shall unconditionally concur non to learn or develop nuclear weapons or nuclear-weapons-usable cloth or any subsystems or components or whatever inquiry, development, back up or manufacturing facilities related to the above; to submit to the Secretary-General and the Director-General of the International Atomic Free energy Agency within fifteen days of the adoption of the present resolution a proclamation of the locations, amounts, and types of all items specified above; to place all of its nuclear-weapons-usable materials nether the exclusive command, for custody and removal, of the International Atomic Free energy Bureau, with the aid and cooperation of the Special Commission as provided for in the plan of the Secretarial assistant-General discussed in paragraph nine (b) to a higher place; to accept, in accordance with the arrangements provided for in paragraph xiii below, urgent on-site inspection and the destruction, removal or rendering harmless as appropriate of all items specified above; and to accept the programme discussed in paragraph xiii beneath for the future ongoing monitoring and verification of its compliance with these undertakings;
13. Requests the Director-Full general of the International Atomic Energy Bureau, through the Secretary-General, with the aid and cooperation of the Special Commission as provided for in the programme of the Secretary-General in paragraph ix (b) to a higher place, to carry out immediate on-site inspection of Iraq'due south nuclear capabilities based on Republic of iraq's declarations and the designation of any boosted locations by the Special Commission; to develop a program for submission to the Security Quango within forty-five days calling for the devastation, removal, or rendering harmless as appropriate of all items listed in paragraph 12 above; to carry out the program within forty-five days following approving by the Security Council; and to develop a plan, taking into account the rights and obligations of Iraq nether the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons of 1 July 1968, for the future ongoing monitoring and verification of Republic of iraq's compliance with paragraph 12 in a higher place, including an inventory of all nuclear material in Iraq discipline to the Agency's verification and inspections to confirm that Bureau safeguards cover all relevant nuclear activities in Iraq, to be submitted to the Security Council for approving within one hundred and xx days of the passage of the present resolution;
14. Takes annotation that the actions to be taken past Iraq in paragraphs 8, 9, x, 11, 12 and thirteen of the present resolution correspond steps towards the goal of establishing in the Heart East a zone free from weapons of mass devastation and all missiles for their delivery and the objective of a global ban on chemic weapons;
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15. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Security Quango on the steps taken to facilitate the return of all Kuwaiti property seized past Iraq, including a list of whatever holding that Kuwait claims has not been returned or which has not been returned intact;
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16. Reaffirms that Iraq, without prejudice to the debts and obligations of Republic of iraq arising prior to 2 Baronial 1990, which will be addressed through the normal mechanisms, is liable nether international law for whatever direct loss, harm, including ecology impairment and the depletion of natural resource, or injury to strange Governments, nationals and corporations, as a result of Iraq's unlawful invasion and occupation of Kuwait;
17. Decides that all Iraqi statements made since 2 Baronial 1990 repudiating its foreign debt are naught and void, and demands that Iraq adhere scrupulously to all of its obligations concerning servicing and repayment of its foreign debt;
18. Decides as well to create a fund to pay bounty for claims that fall within paragraph 16 above and to institute a Commission that will administer the fund;
19. Directs the Secretary-General to develop and present to the Security Quango for determination, no subsequently than thirty days following the adoption of the present resolution, recommendations for the fund to meet the requirement for the payment of claims established in accordance with paragraph xviii higher up and for a programme to implement the decisions in paragraphs 16, 17 and 18 above, including: administration of the fund; mechanisms for determining the appropriate level of Iraq's contribution to the fund based on a percent of the value of the exports of petroleum and petroleum products from Iraq not to exceed a figure to be suggested to the Council by the Secretary-General, taking into business relationship the requirements of the people of Republic of iraq, Iraq's payment chapters as assessed in conjunction with the international financial institutions taking into consideration external debt service, and the needs of the Iraqi economy; arrangements for ensuring that payments are made to the fund; the process past which funds will be allocated and claims paid; appropriate procedures for evaluating losses, list claims and verifying their validity and resolving disputed claims in respect of Iraq'southward liability as specified in paragraph xvi above; and the composition of the Commission designated above;
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20. Decides, effective immediately, that the prohibitions against the sale or supply to Iraq of bolt or products, other than medicine and health supplies, and prohibitions confronting financial transactions related thereto contained in resolution 661 (1990) shall not use to foodstuffs notified to the Security Quango Committee established by resolution 661 (1990) concerning the situation between Iraq and Kuwait or, with the blessing of that Committee, under the simplified and accelerated "no-objection" procedure, to materials and supplies for essential civilian needs as identified in the written report of the Secretary-General dated 20 March 1991, and in whatever further findings of humanitarian need by the Commission;
21. Decides that the Security Quango shall review the provisions of paragraph 20 above every lx days in the light of the policies and practices of the Government of Republic of iraq, including the implementation of all relevant resolutions of the Security Council, for the purpose of determining whether to reduce or elevator the prohibitions referred to therein;
22. Decides that upon the approval by the Security Quango of the programme called for in paragraph 19 in a higher place and upon Council agreement that Iraq has completed all actions contemplated in paragraphs 8, 9, x, xi, 12 and 13 above, the prohibitions confronting the import of commodities and products originating in Iraq and the prohibitions against financial transactions related thereto independent in resolution 661 (1990) shall take no further forcefulness or issue;
23. Decides that, awaiting action past the Security Council under paragraph 22 to a higher place, the Security Council Committee established by resolution 661 (1990) shall exist empowered to approve, when required to clinch adequate financial resources on the part of Iraq to deport out the activities under paragraph 20 to a higher place, exceptions to the prohibition against the import of commodities and products originating in Iraq;
24. Decides that, in accord with resolution 661 (1990) and subsequent related resolutions and until a further decision is taken past the Security Council, all States shall go on to foreclose the auction or supply, or the promotion or facilitation of such sale or supply, to Republic of iraq by their nationals, or from their territories or using their flag vessels or aircraft, of:
(a) Arms and related materiel of all types, specifically including the sale or transfer through other means of all forms of conventional military equipment, including for paramilitary forces, and spare parts and components and their ways of production, for such equipment;
(b) Items specified and defined in paragraphs 8 and 12 above not otherwise covered higher up;
(c) Technology under licensing or other transfer arrangements used in the production, utilization or stockpiling of items specified in subparagraphs (a) and (b) above;
(d) Personnel or materials for grooming or technical back up services relating to the design, development, industry, utilise, maintenance or support of items specified in subparagraphs (a) and (b) above;
25. Calls upon all States and international organizations to human activity strictly in accordance with paragraph 24 higher up, notwithstanding the existence of any contracts, agreements, licences or any other arrangements;
26. Requests the Secretarial assistant-General, in consultation with appropriate Governments, to develop inside sixty days, for the approval of the Security Council, guidelines to facilitate total international implementation of paragraphs 24 and 25 above and paragraph 27 beneath, and to make them available to all States and to establish a process for updating these guidelines periodically;
27. Calls upon all States to maintain such national controls and procedures and to accept such other actions consistent with the guidelines to be established past the Security Council nether paragraph 26 to a higher place as may be necessary to ensure compliance with the terms of paragraph 24 above, and calls upon international organizations to take all advisable steps to aid in ensuring such full compliance;
28. Agrees to review its decisions in paragraphs 22, 23, 24 and 25 above, except for the items specified and defined in paragraphs 8 and 12 to a higher place, on a regular basis and in any case ane hundred and twenty days following passage of the present resolution, taking into business relationship Republic of iraq'southward compliance with the resolution and general progress towards the control of armaments in the region;
29. Decides that all States, including Iraq, shall take the necessary measures to ensure that no merits shall lie at the instance of the Regime of Iraq, or of whatever person or trunk in Iraq, or of whatsoever person claiming through or for the benefit of whatever such person or body, in connection with any contract or other transaction where its operation was affected by reason of the measures taken by the Security Quango in resolution 661 (1990) and related resolutions;
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thirty. Decides that, in furtherance of its commitment to facilitate the repatriation of all Kuwaiti and third country nationals, Iraq shall extend all necessary cooperation to the International Committee of the Crimson Cross, providing lists of such persons, facilitating the admission of the International Committee of the Scarlet Cross to all such persons wherever located or detained and facilitating the search by the International Committee of the Red Cantankerous for those Kuwaiti and 3rd land nationals still unaccounted for;
31. Invites the International Committee of the Red Cantankerous to keep the Secretarial assistant-General apprised as advisable of all activities undertaken in connection with facilitating the repatriation or render of all Kuwaiti and 3rd country nationals or their remains present in Iraq on or after 2 Baronial 1990;
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32. Requires Republic of iraq to inform the Security Council that information technology will not commit or back up whatsoever human action of international terrorism or allow any organization directed towards commission of such acts to operate within its territory and to condemn unequivocally and renounce all acts, methods and practices of terrorism;
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33. Declares that, upon official notification by Iraq to the Secretary-General and to the Security Council of its acceptance of the provisions in a higher place, a formal cease-fire is constructive between Republic of iraq and Kuwait and the Member States cooperating with Kuwait in accordance with resolution 678 (1990);
34. Decides to remain seized of the thing and to accept such farther steps equally may be required for the implementation of the present resolution and to secure peace and security in the expanse.
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Source: http://hrlibrary.umn.edu/peace/docs/scres687.html
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